Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage

 Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage etiologydiagnosistreatment:


{{c1::SAVAMIDA (SLE/Antiphospholipid/Vasculitis, Anticoagulation/Mitral stenosis, Infectious/Drug-induced/ARDS) -> dyspnea/hypoxemia and CXR (diffuse ground-glass opacities) -> bronchoscopy with BAL (confirmatory, progressively more bloody on serial lavage) -> underlying cause (rheumatologic/infectious/drug-induced), supportive oxygen/avoid anticoagulation}}

SAVAMIDA - SLE / Antiphospholipid / Vasculitis, Anticoagulation / Mitral stenosis / Infectious, Drug induced, ARDS

dyspnea = > hypoxemia

Bronchoscopy diagnosis (progressively more bloody on serial lavage)

txt underlying cause rheumatologic methotrexate / corticosteroids

supportive oxygen / avoid anticoagulation


Massive Hemoptysis Management

PIC CBT
Positioning, Intubation, Cardiovascular support (IVF / transfusion)
Coagulopathy, bronchoscopy w/ tamponade
Imaging after stabilization

What is the procedure of choice to identify the site and attempt early therapeutic intervention for massive hemoptysis (> 600 mL/day)?

{{c1::Bronchoscopy}}

bronchoscopy localizes the bleeding site, suctions the blood to help establish an airway, and can stop bleeding with cautery; this maintains the ABCs
- patients who continue to bleed after bronchoscopy may need surgical thoracotomy


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